新概念英語常見句型
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一、 利弊說明型
The car has a curious ambivalence:it creates and then it destroys mobility. The car tempts people further out and then gives them the appalling problem of getting back.It makes them believe they can spend Sunday in Brighton, but makes it impossible for them to return before, say, two in the morning.(四冊46課)
譯文:汽車有著令人奇怪的自相矛盾:它創造了機動性,又親自將其毀掉。汽車誘使人們更加遠行,然后又使他們面臨如何返回的巨大難題。它使人們相信能在布萊頓度過周末,卻無法在凌晨兩點返回。
點評:利弊說明是議論文中頻繁采用的寫作手段,其方式一般分為兩種:一種是將優點和缺點分別羅列,構成比較的兩大整塊,即A, A, A…, B, B, B…型(A為優點,B為缺點,下同);另一種則是將優點、缺點交叉羅列,即上例使用的A,B,A,B…型。相對而言,后者條理更加清晰,讀者更易理解。
二、開宗明義型
1.Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.(三冊29課)
譯文:我們覺得一則笑話是否可笑,很大程度上取決于我們生長在何地。
注:變色部分為可套用的經典句型框架。(下同)
示例:Whether we find a plan feasible or not largely depends on whether it can bring profits.
譯文:我們覺得一個計劃是否可行,很大程度上取決于它能否產生效益。
2.The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. (三冊41課)
譯文:寧靜的鄉村的生活從來沒有吸引過我。
示例:The noisy,busy life of the city has never appealed to me.
譯文:喧鬧、忙碌的城市生活從來沒有吸引過我。
3.Although truth and justice may be the most powerful impulses to show moral courage, there are others. Compassion is one of them.(四冊60課)
譯文:雖然勇于直言和富有正義感可能是表現道德勇氣的最強的推動力,但還有其他因素。憐憫更是其中之一。
示例:Although science and technology may be the most powerful impulses to push forward a country, there are others. The overall quality of its people is one of them.
譯文:雖然科技可能是推動一個國家進步的最大動力,但還有其他因素。國民的整體素質便是其中之一。
點評:以上幾例都是文章的起首句,即全文的觀點句。作者幾乎沒有做任何過度和鋪設,鮮明直白,直抒胸臆,與漢語表達方式的迂回委婉大相徑庭。也應了這樣一個道理:越簡單,越深刻。望應試者多加注意。
三、啟承轉合型
1.The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.(三冊12課)
譯文:另一中想法恰恰相反。
2.This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. (三冊41課)
譯文:這種田園詩般的鄉村美景只是一個側面。
點評:在議論文寫作過程中,中國考生一般是將所有觀點按序排列,若要轉換話題時,多以but, however 等詞過渡,略顯單薄和單調。而以上兩例不僅可以延展文章的長度,也具有視覺緩沖的效果,使閱卷人或讀者能繼續保持較高的注意力和興趣度。
四、描述現狀型
1.With the advent of the new phase of technology we call automation, we have the promiseboth of greater leisure and even greater material and intellectual riches. (四冊56課)
譯文:隨著我們稱之為自動化的新時代的到來,我們將擁有更多的閑余時光,享有更多的'物質和精神財富。
示例:With the advent of the 21st century, we have the promise of a wider choice of employment and therefore, more opportunities to make a fortune.
譯文:隨著21世紀的到來,我們將擁有更多的就業和賺錢機會。
2.Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives, and, as a reault,society
is changing at a speed which is quite unprecedented. (四冊56課)
譯文:科技已滲入我們生活的每一個方面,其結果是社會以前所未有的速度發生著變化。
示例:Advertising has come to pervade every aspect of our lives, and, as a result, it is playing an increasingly more essential role in our purchases.
譯文:廣告已滲入我們生活的每一個方面,其結果是它在我們的購買活動中起者越來越重要的作用。
點評:在描述社會發展等話題時,例1是我們比較熟悉的模式,即漢語中的"隨著……"
例2則比較新穎,句型結構更加復雜,在寫作中可交替使用,富于變化。
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